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- Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX)
- Launched 2003 with 14 members,
now 200+ members (US, CA, MX, BR)
- European Climate Exchange (ECX)
- FSA-regulated futures market for European CO2 Allowances
- Launched April, 2005 – accounts for 80-90% of total exchange traded
volume in the EU ETS
- Chicago Climate Futures Exchange (CCFE)
- CFTC-regulated futures exchange for U.S. SO2 allowances
- Launched in December 2004, world’s first environmental derivatives
exchange
- Montreal Climate Exchange (MCeX)
- Joint venture with the Montreal Bourse
- To host Canadian GHG trading, other environmental markets
- New York Climate Exchange™ and Northeast Climate Exchange™
- Developing instruments for northeast Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative
(RGGI)
- Indian Climate Exchange
- Partnership with the Multi-Commodity Exchange of India
- In development
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- Prescribed emission quantification methods:
- Emission audits conducted by
NASD:
- World's leading private-sector provider of regulatory services
- Organized under provisions of Securities Exchange Act of 1934
- Audit reports approved by CCX’s Environmental Compliance Committee
- Annual True-up
- Pre-defined offset projects:
- Sequestration: reforestation,
agricultural soils
- Landfill and agricultural methane destruction
- Renewable energy systems, fuel switching, energy efficiency
- Independent verification by authorized entities: SGS, DNV, First
Environment, BvQi, etc.
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- Verified Offset projects sequester or eliminate GHGs and earn Carbon
Financial Instruments that can be sold to other CCX members.
- Eligible Project types include:
- Landfill methane
destruction
- Agricultural (livestock)
methane destruction
- No-till agriculture
- Forestry
- Renewable Energy
- New project types
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- Eligibility:
- Predictability: facilitate carbon finance
- Other than Business as Usual:
beyond regulation, rare, recent
- Verifiable: eligibility, quantities, ownership
- No cherry picking – emitters must take entity-wide reductions
- Avoid perverse incentives: avoided encouraging bad acts
- Target Actions with Major Mitigation Potential
- Non-CO2 gasses: low-cost, multi-benefit
- Agriculture: soils hold 183 years of global CO2 emissions
- Forestation: forests hold 75 years of global CO2 emissions
- Advance broader societal goals: sustainable agriculture and forestry,
energy efficiency, renewables
- General provisions:
- Conservative crediting
- Reserve pools for sequestration assurance
- All Carbon Financial Instruments are equivalent
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- Reforestation
- Sustainable Forest Management
- Conservation Tillage
- Grassland Plantings
- Animal Methane Capture
- Biomass Fuels
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- “What would be wrong, at least on a theoretical basis, with taking what
you have come up with by way of requirements for your (CCX) members and
essentially mandating that everybody in the country comply with those?”
- Senator Jeff Bingaman (D-NM), Chairman Senate Energy & Natural
Resources Committee, April 4, 2006
- “the Chicago Climate Exchange is providing an innovative means of
involving American businesses and citizens in the effort to protect the
environment. Our nation’s leading companies are buying and trading units
of carbon as a way to reduce their impact on climate change. I am
hopeful that the economic opportunities provided by the Exchange will
enhance the incentives farmers already have to participate in the
sequestration of carbon.”
- Senator Richard Lugar (R-IN), Chairman of Senate Foreign Relations
Committee, May 18, 2006
- “The CCX is leading the way toward a future in which reducing greenhouse
gases could bring not only environmental rewards, but financial ones
too.”
- Al Gore, from An Inconvenient Truth, 2006
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